Plant anatomy by bp pandey 1996 pdf free download

Isolation and identification of active components in some plant extracts and their effect on Agrotis ipsilon Hufn. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 14 1 Oyen LPA, Cymbopogon citratus DC. Record from Proseabase. The integration of medicinal plants and culinary herbs in agroforestry systems for the Caribbean:a study in the U.

Virgin Islands. Pareek SK, Gupta R, On the status of agronomic research in Cymbopogon grasses in India with projections on future work. The study of the effects of repellent plants to insects in the corn seeds physiological quality stored in corn-cob through a statistic longitudinal analysis.

Revista Brasileira de Produtos Agroindustriais, 4 2 ; 7 ref. Pinto, Z. Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil from Cuba and Brazil against housefly. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Parasitology, 24 1 , Pohl RW, Flora costaricensis. Fieldiana, Bot. Effect of spacing and nitrogen on herbs yield of Cymbopogon citratus and Cymbopogon flexuosus. Indian Perfumer, 30 4 Pratibha G, Korwar GR, Crop diversification through medicinal, aromatic and dye yielding plants for sustainability in semi-arid regions.

In: Mathur AK et al. Purseglove JW, Tropical Crops. Volume 1, Part 2. London, UK: Longman. Ram M, Singh R, et al, Effect of salicylic acid on the yield and quality of essential oil in aromatic crops.

Ranade GS, Essential oil Lemongrass oil. Response of lemongrass Cymbopogon flexousus cultivars to spacings and NPK fertilizers under irrigated and rainfed conditions in semi- arid tropics. Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences, 20 2 Antifungal activity of some chemicals against human pathogenic fungi Dermatophytes. Significance of harvest intervals on oil content and citral accumulation in variety Krishna of Lemongrass. Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences, 27 2 Ravindran, P.

Supercritical fluid extraction of essential oil components from lemon scented botanicals. Lebensmittel Wissenschaft und Technologie, 35 4 Sahoo S, Debata BK, Recent advances in breeding and biotechnology of aromatic plants. Cymbopogon species. Plant Breeding Abstracts, 65 12 Experimental cultivation and production of essential oils of aromatic species in Itajai, SC. Agropecuaria Catarinense, 19 2 Aromatic plants for cultivation in Santa Catarina.

Agropecuaria Catarinense, 17 2 Catalogo de las gramineas malezas nativas e introducidas en Mexico. Plantation of certain fastgrowing tree species under short-rotation agro-forestry system for production of biomass for paper pulp.

Advances in Forestry Research in India, 9: ; 15 ref. Sevignani A, Jacomassi E, Shiva A, Methods of sustainable harvesting and value addition for economic uplift and biodiversity conservation. MFP News, 8 3 First record in Australia of Myriogenospora atramentosa on lemongrass and sugarcane.

Australasian Plant Pathology, 28 4 ; 4 ref. Chlorogenic acid profile of commercial Brazilian herbal infusions. Sciences des Aliments, 26 2 Effects of the organic and mineral fertilization on lemongrass [Cymbopogon citratus D.

Revista Ciencia Agronomica, 34 1 : Effects of SAR of irrigation water on nutrient content and uptake in lemongrass Cymbopogon citratus. Effects of SAR of irrigation water on the yield and quality attributes of lemongrass Cymbopogon citratus. Progressive Agriculture, 2 2 Singh M, Growth, herbage, oil yield, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen utilization efficiency of different cultivars of lemongrass Cymbopogon flexousus as affected by water regimes.

Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic plant Sciences, 19 3 Effect of irrigation and nitrogen on herbage, oil yield and water use of lemongrass Cymbopogon flexousus on alfisols. Journal of agricultural science, 2 Irrigation and Nitrogen requirement of lemongrass on a red sandy loam soil under semiarid tropical conditions.

Journal of Essential Oil Research, 9 5 Medicinal plants of Nepal - retrospects and prospects. Singh RS, Revegetation of coal mine overburden dump OBD slopes by aromatic grasses.

Singh SA, Singh et al, Resource utilization efficiency, productivity and economics of traditional agricultural crops and aromatic crops under rain fed conditions of sub tropical North India. Journal of Medicinal and aromatic plant sciences, 21 4 Aromatic Plants.

In: Peter KV, eds. Horticulture Science Series — I. Handbook of Spices. Cambridge, UK : Woodhead Pub. Habitat similarity and species distribution analysis in tropical forests of eastern ghats, Tamilnadu. Tropical-Ecology, 46 2 Srivastava A, Guleria S, Evaluation of botanicals for mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi Kalt.

Stevens, P. Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version In: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Economics of lemongrass cultivation and production of oil in Kerala. Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic.

Plant Sciences, 23 2 Suyamto, Howeler RH, Cultural practices for soil erosion control in cassava-based cropping systems in Indonesia. Thomas J, Advances in Horticulture Vol. II- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Relative performance of aromatic grasses under saline irrigation. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 49 3 Online Database. Alternative control of root rot of common beans Phaseolus vulgaris L.

Summa Phytopathologica, 29 4 First report of the lemongrass rust fungi caused by Puccinia cymbopogonis in Brazil. Summa Phytopathologica, 32 1 Plants employed in the treatment of anxiety and insomnia: I. An ethnopharmacological survey in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Fitoterapia, 61 5 Weiss EA, Essential oil crops. Williams L, Home V, A comparative study of some essentials oils for potential use in topical applications for the treatment of the yeast Candida albicans. Australian Journal of Medical Herbalism, 7 3 ; 7 ref.

Williams RO, The useful and ornamental plants in Zanzibar and Pemba. Zanzibar Protectorate. Analysis of essential oil composition of some selected spices of Papua New Guinea. Wunderlin, R. Atlas of Florida vascular plants.

In: Atlas of Florida vascular plants. Yadava AK, Singh K, Performance of the lemongrass Cymbopogon flexousus under poplar based agro forestry systems. Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences, 18 2 Yang SY, Lei Y, Antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon citratus against utilized bacteria and fungus. Zuloaga, F. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae and Danthonioideae, [ed. Catalogue of the Seed Plants of the West Indies.

Bangladesh Journal of Plant Pathology. Beech D F, Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture. Plant Biosystems. Barbados: University of the West Indies. CABI, Undated a. CABI, Undated b. Journal of Essential Oil Research.

Volatile constituents of the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus Stapf grown in Zambia. Flavour and Fragrance Journal. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Effects of SAR of irrigation water on the yield and quality attributes of lemon grass Cymbopogon citratus. Progressive Agriculture. Effects of SAR of irrigation water on nutrient content and uptake in lemon grass Cymbopogon citratus. A checklist of the cultivated plants of Cuba. Acta Horticulturae.

Filgueiras TS, In: Flora of China. Gade D W, Biogeographica Volume 6. In: Plants, man and the land in the Vilcanota Valley of Peru. The Hague, Netherlands: Dr. Junk B. Scientia Agraria. Graveson R, Graveson RS, a. Survey of invasive alien plant species on Gros Piton, Saint Lucia.

Composition, distribution and economic importance of insect pests of prioritized aromatic plants in some growing of Ethiopia. Spices], London, Tropical Prod. Production of biomass and essential oil in plants of lemongrass Cymbopogon citratus Dc Stapf of various ages.

Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology. Hamdard Medicus. Annals of Agricultural Research. Moawad S S, Bulletin of the National Research Centre Cairo. Tropical Medicine and International Health. International Journal of Food Microbiology. American Bee Journal. East African Medical Journal. Oparaeke A M, Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection. Pardo-Cardona V M, First report of rust caused by Puccinia nakanishikii on lemongrass, Cymbopogon citratus, in Florida.

Plant Disease. In: Fieldiana, Bot. Supercritical fluid extraction of essential oil components from lemon-scented botanicals. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und -Technologie. Australasian Plant Pathology. Sciences des Aliments.

In: Econ. Natural Product Research. Tropical Ecology. Summa Phytopathologica. Williams R O, The useful and ornamental plants of Zanzibar and Pemba. Government Printing Press, Zanzibar. Pharmacological methods in phytotherapy research: volume 1: Selection, preparation and pharmacological evaluation of plant material. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae and Danthonioideae. Toggle navigation. Datasheet Cymbopogon citratus lemongrass Rojas-Sandoval J, Don't need the entire report?

Generate a print friendly version containing only the sections you need. Generate report. Expand all sections Collapse all sections. March, Title Leaves Caption Cymbopogon citratus citronella grass or lemon grass ; leaves. January, Summary of Invasiveness Top of page Cymbopogon citratus is a perennial grass that has been intentionally introduced in tropical and subtropical regions of the world for the essential oil extracts from its leaves and to be used as a culinary and medicinal herb.

Notes on Taxonomy and Nomenclature Top of page Poaceae is one of the largest Angiosperm families, including genera and about 11, species widely distributed in all regions of the world Stevens, Description Top of page The following description is adapted from Flora of China : Cymbopogon citratus is a perennial, shortly rhizomatous grass.

Distribution Table Top of page The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. Risk of Introduction Top of page The risk of introduction of C. Habitat Top of page Cymbopogon citratus can be found cultivated and naturalized throughout the tropics and warm subtropics, in warm and humid habitats and along roadsides.

Reproductive biology In most places Cymbopogon citratus flowers very rarely or not at all. Physiology and phenology In China, C. Longevity Cymbopogon citratus has a life-span of years Oyen, Rainfall Regime Top of page Bimodal Uniform. Soil Tolerances Top of page Soil drainage free Soil reaction acid alkaline neutral Soil texture heavy light medium.

Notes on Natural Enemies Top of page In Guatemala, Helminthosporium cymbopogi [ Cochliobolus cymbopogonis ] causes a serious leaf-spot disease in Cymbopogon species resulting in significant damage.

Means of Movement and Dispersal Top of page Cymbopogon citratus rarely produces seeds, and it spreads mostly vegetatively by rhizomes and tillers Oyen, Intentional introduction Cymbopogon citratus has been actively introduced in tropical and subtropical regions around the world where it is cultivated as a culinary and medicinal herb, garden ornamental and as an industrial crop to extract essential oils from its leaves Oyen, ; USDA-ARS, Environmental Impact Top of page As weedy grass, C.

Risk and Impact Factors Top of page Invasiveness Proved invasive outside its native range Highly adaptable to different environments Is a habitat generalist Tolerates, or benefits from, cultivation, browsing pressure, mutilation, fire etc Capable of securing and ingesting a wide range of food Highly mobile locally Benefits from human association i. Uses Top of page Economic value Essential oil extracts from Cymbopogon are used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and perfumery.

Social benefit Cymbopogon citratus is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disturbances, fevers and hypertension. Environmental services Cymbopogon citratus is planted in gardens and on bunds for soil conservation Oyen, Apidologie, 34 5 Ambrose, D. Bioagro, 14 3 Anon, Philippine Journal of Science, 2 ; 2 ref Barkworth, M. Volume 2, pp Broome, R. Contact Dermatitis, 49 1 Humphrey AM, Calcutta, India: Naya Prokash, Khan, Plant Disease, 83 3 ; 2 ref Kokwaro JO, Progressive Agriculture, 2 2 Singh M, Fitoterapia, 61 5 Weiss EA, Compendium record.

Distribution Maps Top of page You can pan and zoom the map. Select a dataset I want to see the distribution of this species based on the records CABI believe are most reliable. I want to see other datasets from third-party sources. Map Legends Display By. Map Filters Clear all filters Extent. Unsupported Web Browser: One or more of the features that are needed to show you the maps functionality are not available in the web browser that you are using.

Please consider upgrading your browser to the latest version or installing a new browser. Ok Cancel. Top of page. Title Habit. Cymbopogon citratus citronella grass or lemon grass ; habit. Title Leaves. Cymbopogon citratus citronella grass or lemon grass ; leaves. Clayton et al. Cimanga et al. Guteta Negasu et al. Kokwaro Oparaeke Williams Chisowa et al. Briefly, RNA was extracted from X. Oryza sativa subsp. Rice plants were grown under standard greenhouse conditions, as described previously Pruitt et al.

Plant leaves were inoculated by the scissors clipping method, and water-soaked lesions were measured 14 days after inoculation, all as described previously Kim et al. For isolating X. Fresh leaf tissue 2 cm from the end of water-soaked lesions was collected at 8 or 12 days after inoculation. Frozen leaf tissue was ground to fine powder and X.

First-strand cDNA was synthesized using the raxX gene-specific primer SP1 Table 3 , during which the transcript was degraded by the reverse-transcription Rnase H activity. Zheng et al. They compared the wild type and 10 different regulatory gene null mutant strains. We did not characterize these genes further. Many of these genes, particularly the hrp genes themselves, are in apparent operons, leaving roughly 80 upstream control region sequences to examine for PIP box sequences.

We confined our selection of potential PIP box promoter sequences to those with the standard nt spacing between elements Supplementary Fig. S2 ; thus, we potentially overlooked any that have different spacing, as suggested previously for the hrpF Huguet and Bonas and cysP2 Furutani et al. Search for more papers by this author. Pamela C. Add to favorites Download Citations Track Citations. View article. Abstract Upon encountering a susceptible plant host, a bacterial pathogen expresses specific virulence factors.

Download as PowerPoint Xanthomonas spp. View as image HTML. Table 2. DNA oligonucleotide primers. Unified nomenclature for broadly conserved hrp genes of phytopathogenic bacteria.

Single molecule real-time sequencing of Xanthomonas oryzae genomes reveals a dynamic structure and complex TAL transcription activator-like effector gene relationships. Genomics 1:e Promoter structure, promoter recognition, and transcription activation in prokaryotes. Cell Behind the lines-actions of bacterial type III effector proteins in plant cells. FEMS Microbiol. Regulation and secretion of Xanthomonas virulence factors.

Nucleotide sequence of Klebsiella pneumoniae lac genes. WebLogo: A sequence logo generator. Genome Res. Characterization of the cis-acting regulatory element controlling HrpB-mediated activation of the type III secretion system and effector genes in Ralstonia solanacearum. Bacterial genes involved in type I secretion and sulfation are required to elicit the rice Xamediated innate immune response.

Plant-Microbe Interact. Sequence and expression analysis of the hrpB pathogenicity operon of Xanthomonas campestris pv. RefSeq: An update on prokaryotic genome annotation and curation. Nucleic Acids Res. Tyrosine sulfation in a Gram-negative bacterium. Identification of a family of avirulence genes from Xanthomonas oryzae pv.

Restoration of pathogenicity of avirulent Xanthomonas oryzae pv. A genome-scale co-functional network of Xanthomonas genes can accurately reconstruct regulatory circuits controlled by two-component signaling systems. Cells Specific binding of the Xanthomonas campestris pv. Activating transcription in bacteria. Improved annotation of a plant pathogen genome Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Plant-phytopathogen interactions: Bacterial responses to environmental and plant stimuli.

The role of hrp genes during plant-bacterial interactions. Plant Pathol. A biological sensor for iron available to bacteria in their habitats on plant surfaces.

Biosynthesis and secretion of the microbial sulfated peptide RaxX and binding to the rice XA21 immune receptor.

Redefining fundamental concepts of transcription initiation in bacteria. Improved gfp and inaZ broad-host-range promoter-probe vectors. Genetic screening of Hrp type III-related pathogenicity genes controlled by the HrpB transcriptional activator in Ralstonia solanacearum.

Xanthomonas oryzae pathovars: Model pathogens of a model crop. Two novel type III-secreted proteins of Xanthomonas campestris pv. Structural conservation of hrp gene cluster in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Crossref , Google Scholar Pruitt, R.

A microbially derived tyrosine-sulfated peptide mimics a plant peptide hormone. New Phytol. The rice immune receptor XA21 recognizes a tyrosine-sulfated protein from a Gram-negative bacterium. Genome sequence and rapid evolution of the rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv.

BMC Genomics Sequence logos: A new way to display consensus sequences. Expression of the Xanthomonas campestris pv. Anatomy of Escherichia coli sigma70 promoters. A receptor kinase-like protein encoded by the rice disease resistance gene, Xa Science Microorganisms Expression of Xanthomonas oryzae pv.

Regulatory network of hrp gene expression in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Effects on promoter activity of base substitutions in the cis -acting regulatory element of HrpXo regulons in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Bacterial type III secretion systems: A complex device for the delivery of bacterial effector proteins into eukaryotic host cells.

The roles of histidine kinases in sensing host plant and cell-cell communication signal in a phytopathogenic bacterium. B Biol. HrpXv, an AraC-type regulator, activates expression of five of the six loci in the hrp cluster of Xanthomonas campestris pv.

The type III effectors of Xanthomonas. HrpG regulates type II secretory proteins in Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.